Analyzer and analytic system

ABSTRACT

This analyzer comprises a photoirradiation portion simultaneously photoirradiating a plurality of storage vessels storing a plurality of measurement samples respectively and a plurality of photodetection portions detecting a plurality of light components resulting from simultaneous photoirradiation on the plurality of storage vessels storing the plurality of measurement samples respectively. The photoirradiation portion includes a light source, a first light guide portion branching light emitted from the light source into a plurality of light components and guiding the plurality of light components to the plurality of measurement samples respectively and a second light guide portion branching light emitted from the light source into a plurality of light components and guiding the plurality of light components to the plurality of measurement samples respectively.

This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 to JapanesePatent Application No. JP2005-193955 filed Jul. 1, 2005, the entirecontent of which is hereby incorporated by reference.

BACKGROUND

Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to an analyzer and an analytic system.

In biochemical analysis or blood coagulation analysis, an analyzerapplies light to a sample for obtaining the quantity of transmittedlight or absorbance, and analyzes the sample on the basis of thisoptical information. An analyzer of this type must optically measure alarge number of samples at the same time. An analyzer disclosed inJapanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2-284064 (1990) applies light emittedfrom a single light source to the overall incidence end of an opticalfiber bundle, thereby introducing the light emitted from the lightsource into the optical fiber bundle. This optical fiber bundle has aplurality of branched exit ends, for applying light components to aplurality of reaction vessels from the exit ends respectively. Thus,this analyzer can optically measure a plurality of samples at the sametime.

In order to improve the throughput of an analyzer, the number of samplesoptically measurable at the same time must be increased. When theanalyzer branches light with a single optical fiber bundle as in theanalyzer disclosed in the aforementioned Japanese Patent Laying-Open No.2-284064, however, the area of the incidence end of the optical fiberbundle is increased as the number of branching is increased, to reducethe quantities of light components outgoing from the exit ends. Further,the surface of the incidence end of the optical fiber bundle is soplanar that the quantities of light components transmitted throughrespective optical fiber members are dispersed unless the analyzeruniformly applies light to the surface of the incidence end.

On the other hand, an analyzer disclosed in Japanese Patent Laying-OpenNo. 10-170432 (1998) is so formed as to supply light emitted from asingle light source portion (photoirradiator) to a plurality of terminalportions while applying the supplied light to samples set on theterminal portions respectively. The light applied to the samples isincident upon a single array-type photoreceptor provided in common tothe respective terminal portions. Therefore, the conventional analyzerdisclosed in the aforementioned Japanese Patent Laying-Open No.10-170432, supplying light to the terminal portions from the singlelight source portion, can be downsized.

However, the downsizeable conventional analyzer disclosed in theaforementioned Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 10-170432, which is soformed as to detect light with the single array type photoreceptor,cannot simultaneously introduce light components from the terminalportions into the array type photoreceptor for performing measurement.Therefore, the conventional analyzer disclosed in the aforementionedJapanese Patent Laying-Open No. 10-170432 must introduce the lightcomponents from the terminal portions into the array-type photoreceptorwith a time lag, to disadvantageously require a long time formeasurement in the respective terminal portions.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An object of the present invention is to provide an analyzer and ananalytic system improved in specimen treatment efficiency whileattaining downsizing of the analyzer.

In order to attain the aforementioned object, an analyzer according to afirst aspect of the present invention comprises a plurality of detectionareas in which containers including the samples are receivable, at leastone optical source configured to emit at least one series of lights, andmore than one splitter configured to split the at least one series oflights into a plurality of series of lights each guided to one of theplurality of the detection areas at which the sample is opticallyanalyzed.

An analyzer according to a second aspect of the present inventioncomprises a photoirradiation portion simultaneously photoirradiating aplurality of storage vessels storing a plurality of measurement samplesprepared by admixing a reagent with a plurality of samples respectively,a plurality of photodetection portions detecting a plurality of lightcomponents resulting from simultaneous photoirradiation on the pluralityof storage vessels storing the plurality of measurement samplesrespectively and an analytic portion analyzing characteristics of theplurality of samples on the basis of the light components detected bythe photodetection portions. The photoirradiation portion includes alight source, a first light guide portion branching light emitted fromthe light source into a plurality of light components and guiding theplurality of light components to the plurality of measurement samplesrespectively and a second light guide portion branching light emittedfrom the light source into a plurality of light components and guidingthe plurality of light components to the plurality of measurementsamples respectively.

An analyzer according to a third aspect of the present inventioncomprises a photoirradiation portion simultaneously photoirradiating aplurality of storage vessels storing a plurality of measurement samplesprepared by admixing a reagent with a plurality of samples respectively,a plurality of photodetection portions detecting a plurality of lightcomponents resulting from simultaneous photoirradiation on the pluralityof storage vessels storing the plurality of measurement samplesrespectively and an analytic portion analyzing characteristics of theplurality of samples on the basis of the light components detected bythe photodetection portions. The photoirradiation portion includes alight source having a platelike filament and an optical fiber bundleincluding an incidence end formed by bundling ends of a plurality ofoptical fibers and a plurality of exit ends directed toward theplurality of storage vessels respectively so that light emitted from afirst surface of the platelike filament is incident upon the incidenceend.

An analytic system according to a fourth aspect of the present inventioncomprises a photoirradiator, a first analyzer including a first reagentmixing portion mixing a reagent into an analyte and a firstphotodetection portion detecting light obtained by applying lightemitted from the photoirradiator to the analyte mixed with the reagentby the first reagent mixing portion, a second analyzer including asecond reagent mixing portion mixing another reagent into anotheranalyte and a second photodetection portion detecting light obtained byapplying light emitted from the photoirradiator to the analyte mixedwith the reagent by the second reagent mixing portion and analytic meansanalyzing characteristics of the analyte mixed with the reagent by thefirst reagent mixing portion on the basis of the light detected by thefirst photodetection portion while analyzing characteristics of theanalyte mixed with the reagent by the second reagent mixing portion onthe basis of the light detected by the second photodetection portion.

The foregoing and other objects, features, aspects and advantages of thepresent invention will become more apparent from the following detaileddescription of the present invention when taken in conjunction with theaccompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the overall structure of an analyticsystem including an analyzer and an extension analyzer according to anembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view partially showing the analytic systemincluding the analyzer and the extension analyzer according to theembodiment shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view for illustrating the structure of a lampunit included in the analyzer according to the embodiment shown in FIG.1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the lamp unitincluded in the analyzer according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a filter portion of the lamp unit includedin the analyzer according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram for illustrating the structure of a firstoptical information acquisitive portion of the analyzer according to theembodiment shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a block diagram for illustrating the structure of a secondoptical information acquisitive portion of the analyzer according to theembodiment shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a detectionportion of the second optical information acquisitive portion of theanalyzer according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a block diagram for illustrating the components of the secondoptical information acquisitive portion and a control board of theanalyzer according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a block diagram for illustrating the structures of thedetection portion and a signal processing portion of the analyzeraccording to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a diagram for illustrating the structure of a logger memoryof the control board of the analyzer according to the embodiment of thepresent invention;

FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram showing the circuit structures of anamplification circuit and a differentiation circuit of the control boardof the analyzer according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a flow chart showing the outline of a control method by a PCbody of the analyzer according to the embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 14 is a flow chart showing a method of calculating n clocksacquired by the PC body with a control portion in initialization shownat a step S1 in FIG. 13;

FIG. 15 is a waveform diagram showing changes in the quantity ofreference light and a differential signal of a reference signal employedin the method of calculating n clocks shown in FIG. 14;

FIG. 16 is a flow chart showing the details (subroutine) of analysiswith the PC body at a step S3 shown in FIG. 13;

FIG. 17 illustrates a signal processing method in the signal processingportion of the analyzer according to the embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 18 is a graph showing a coagulation curve created by the analyticsystem according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a flow chart for illustrating a method of data acquisitionwith the control portion of the analyzer according to the embodiment ofthe present invention;

FIG. 20 is a flow chart for illustrating a method of data acquisitionwith the PC body of the analyzer according to the embodiment of thepresent invention;

FIG. 21 is a flow chart showing processing of monitoring a time intervalfor detecting an origin slit in processing of monitoring rotation of thefilter portion with the control portion of the analyzer according to theembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a waveform diagram showing the waveforms of a signal outputfrom a sensor detecting slits of the rotating filter portion and anintegral signal generated on the basis of the signal output from thesensor;

FIG. 23 is a flow chart showing processing of monitoring a time intervalfor detecting a pair of adjacent slits (the origin slit and/or normalslit(s)) in the processing of monitoring rotation of the filter portionwith the control portion of the analyzer according to the embodiment ofthe present invention;

FIG. 24 is a flow chart showing processing of monitoring the number ofnormal slits detected while the origin slit is detected twice in theprocessing of monitoring rotation of the filter portion with the controlportion of the analyzer according to the embodiment of the presentinvention; and

FIG. 25 is a plan view showing the overall structure of the analyticsystem including no extension analyzer according to the embodiment ofthe present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

An embodiment of the present invention is now described with referenceto the drawings.

The structure of an analytic system 1 according to the embodiment of thepresent invention is described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 12.

The analytic system 1 according to the embodiment of the presentinvention is a system for optically measuring and analyzing thequantities and the degrees of activity of specific substances related toa blood coagulative/fibrinolytic function, employing blood plasma as aspecimen. The analytic system 1 according to this embodiment opticallymeasures the specimen with a coagulation time method. The coagulationtime method employed in this embodiment is a measuring method detectingthe process of coagulation of the specimen as change of transmittedlight.

The structure of the analytic system 1 can be varied with the scale ofan institution where the system 1 is installed. When installed in aninstitution having a relatively small number of specimens, for example,the analytic system 1 is constituted of an analyzer 3 and a transporter200 for supplying specimens to the analyzer 3, as shown in FIG. 25. Wheninstalled in an institution having a large number of specimens, on theother hand, the analytic system 1 is constituted of a transportmechanism portion 2 substituting for the transporter 200, an analyzer 3and an extension analyzer 4. The extension analyzer 4 added to theanalytic system 1 extends the specimen throughput of the analytic system1.

The transport mechanism portion 2 shown in FIG. 1 has a function oftransporting racks 151 each carrying a plurality of (10 in thisembodiment) test tubes 150 storing specimens to suctional positions 2 aand 2 b (see FIG. 1) of the analyzer 3 and the extension analyzer 4respectively, in order to supply the specimens to the analyzer 3 and theextension analyzer 4. This transport mechanism portion 2 has a rack setarea 2 c for setting racks 151 carrying test tubes 150 storing untreatedspecimens and a rack storage area 2 d for storing racks 151 carryingtest tubes 150 storing treated specimens.

The analyzer 3 and the extension analyzer 4 are so formed as tooptically measure different specimens supplied from the transportmechanism portion 2 thereby acquiring optical information related to thesupplied specimens respectively. According to this embodiment, theanalyzer 3 and the extension analyzer 4 optically measure specimensinjected into cuvettes 152 (see FIG. 1) from the test tubes 150 locatedon the transport mechanism portion 2 respectively. The analyzer 3includes an information processing terminal 3 a, a lamp unit 5 and acontrol board 6. The analyzer 3 further includes a cuvette supplyportion 20, a rotary transport portion 30, a specimen injection arm 40,two reagent injection arms 50, cuvette transfer portions 60 and 60 a, afirst optical information acquisitive portion 70 and a second opticalinformation acquisitive portion 80. The extension analyzer 4 alsoincludes a control board 6, a cuvette supply portion 20, a rotarytransport portion 30, a specimen injection arm 40, two reagent injectionarms 50, cuvette transfer portions 60 and 60 a, a first opticalinformation acquisitive portion 70 and a second optical informationacquisitive portion 80 identical to those provided on the analyzer 3.These components are identically arranged in the analyzer 3 and theextension analyzer 4.

According to this embodiment, only the analyzer 3 includes theinformation processing terminal 3 a and the lamp unit 5, while theextension analyzer 4 includes no such components.

The information processing terminal 3 a is electrically connected notonly to the body of the analyzer 3 but also to the extension analyzer 4through communication cables. In other words, the analyzer 3 and theextension analyzer 4 share the information processing terminal 3 a ofthe analyzer 3 in common. The analyzer 3 and the extension analyzer 4have functions of transmitting optical information acquired fromspecimens to the information processing terminal 3 a. The informationprocessing terminal 3 a is formed by a personal computer (PC), andincludes a PC body 3 b, a display portion 3 c and a keyboard 3 d, asshown in FIG. 2. When the lamp unit 5 applies light components havingprescribed wavelength characteristics to specimens (measurementsamples), the PC body 3 b analyzes the characteristics of the specimenson the basis of signals (optical information) acquired by signalprocessing portions 111 and control portions 112, described later, ofthe control boards 6. According to this embodiment, the PC body 3 b ofthe information processing terminal 3 a is so formed as to analyze times(coagulation times) required for the specimens to reach prescribedcoagulation states from prescribed timing after reagents are mixed intothe specimens. The PC body 3 b includes a control portion (not shown)formed by a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, a hard disk etc. The display portion 3 cis provided for displaying information such as results of analysisobtained in the PC body 3 b. As hereinabove described, the analyzer 3and the extension analyzer 4 are identical in structure to each otherexcept that the extension analyzer 4 includes neither informationprocessing terminal 3 a nor lamp unit 5. Therefore, the structure of theanalyzer 3 is described in the following.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the lamp unit 5 has a halogen lamp 11 servingas a light source, two mirrors 12 a and 12 b, two sets of condensinglenses 13 a to 13 c and 13 d to 13 f, a discoidal filter portion 14, amotor 15, a light transmission sensor 16 and two optical fiber members17 a and 17 b. In this lamp unit 5, the halogen lamp 11, the mirror 12b, the condensing lenses 13 d to 13 f and the optical fiber member 17 bconstitute an optical system for the analyzer 3, while the halogen lamp11, the mirror 12 a, the condensing lenses 13 a to 13 c and the opticalfiber member 17 a constitute an optical system for the extensionanalyzer 4.

The forward end of the optical fiber member 17 b is connected to thesecond optical information acquisitive portion 80 of the analyzer 3. Theforward end of the optical fiber member 17 a is connected to the secondoptical information acquisitive portion 80 of the extension analyzer 4only when the extension analyzer 4 is provided on the analytic system 1.

The mirror 12 a, the condensing lenses 13 a to 13 c and the opticalfiber member 17 a may not be provided on the lamp unit 5 when theextension analyzer 4 is not provided on the analytic system 1. Themirror 12 a and the condensing lenses 13 a to 13 c may be mounted on amirror mounting portion 12 c and lens mounting portions 13 g to 13 irespectively when the extension analyzer 4 is added to the analyticsystem 1. Thus, the cost for the lamp unit 5 can be reduced when theextension analyzer 4 is not provided on the analytic system 1.

The optical fiber members 17 a and 17 b are constituted of 21 opticalfibers 17 c and 21 optical fibers 17 d respectively. Bundling members 17e and 17 f bundle the 21 optical fibers 17 c and the 21 optical fibers17 d respectively. The halogen lamp 11 includes a platelike filament 11a capable of emitting light components from both surfaces, as shown inFIG. 4. Thus, the halogen lamp 11 is so formed as to emit lightcomponents of the same characteristics from both surfaces of theplatelike filament 11 a. The platelike filament 11 a, having smalldispersion in the quantity of light in a photoirradiation regionthereof, is so employed as to stabilize the quantities of lightcomponents (transmitted light components or scattered light components)obtained by applying light components to measurement samples, therebysuppressing measurement errors. The two mirrors 12 a and 12 b areprovided for reflecting the light components emitted from the halogenlamp 11 and guiding the same to prescribed optical paths respectively.In other words, the mirrors 12 a and 12 b are arranged on both sides ofthe filament 11 a, and located on positions correctly opposed to firstand second surfaces of the filament 11 a respectively. Further, themirrors 12 a and 12 b are inclined with respect to the filament 11 a, inorder to change the traveling directions of the light components emittedfrom the filament 11 a by 90° respectively.

The mirrors 12 a and 12 b reflect the light components emitted from thefirst and second surfaces of the platelike filament 11 a of the halogenlamp 11 respectively. Thus, the light components reflected by themirrors 12 a 12 b form two optical paths. The mirrors 12 a and 12 b aredetachably mounted on the mirror mounting portion 12 c and anothermirror mounting portion 12 d respectively, as shown in FIG. 3. Thecondensing lenses 13 a to 13 c are arranged on the path of the lightcomponent whose traveling direction is changed by the mirror 12 a inthis order from the side closer to the mirror 12 a, as shown in FIG. 4.Similarly to the condensing lenses 13 a to 13 c, the condensing lenses13 d to 13 f are arranged on the path of the light component whosetraveling direction is changed by the mirror 12 b in this order from theside closer to the mirror 12 b. The two sets of condensing lenses 13 ato 13 c and 13 d to 13 f are so arranged that the directions ofarrangement thereof are parallel to each other.

As shown in FIG. 4, the two sets of condensing lenses 13 a to 13 c and13 d to 13 f condense the two light components reflected by the mirrors12 a and 12 b for guiding the same to the optical fiber members 17 a and17 b respectively, as shown in FIG. 4. The two light componentsreflected by the mirrors 12 a and 12 b are condensed by the condensinglenses 13 a to 13 c and 13 d to 13 f respectively, transmitted throughany ones of optical filters 14 b to 14 f and guided to the optical fibermembers 17 a and 17 b respectively. The condensing lenses 13 a to 13 care detachably mounted on the lens mounting portions 13 g to 13 irespectively, as shown in FIG. 3. The condensing lenses 13 d to 13 f arealso detachably mounted on corresponding lens mounting portions (notshown) respectively.

According to this embodiment, the filter portion 14 of the lamp unit 5is rotatable about a shaft 14 a, as shown in FIG. 5. This filter portion14 is constituted of a filter plate 14 g provided with five opticalfilters 14 b to 14 f having different light transmission characteristics(transmission wavelengths) and a filter plate holding member 14 hholding the filter plate 14 g to expose both surfaces of the opticalfilters 14 b to 14 f. The filter plate 14 g is fixed to the filter plateholding member 14 h. This filter plate 14 g is provided with five holes14 i for receiving the optical filters 14 b to 14 f respectively. Thefive optical filters 14 b, 14 c, 14 d, 14 e and 14 f having differentlight transmission characteristics (transmission wavelengths) are set inthe five holes 14 i respectively. The filter plate 14 g is furtherprovided with a hole 14 j, which is blocked not to transmit light. Theholes 14 i and 14 j are provided at a prescribed angular interval(regular interval of 60° according to this embodiment) along thedirection of rotation of the filter portion 14. The hole 14 j is apreliminary hole for receiving an additional filter when the analyticsystem 1 requires this filter.

The optical filters 14 b, 14 c, 14 d, 14 e and 14 f transmit lightcomponents having wavelengths of 340 nm, 405 nm, 575 nm, 660 nm and 800nm respectively, while transmitting no light components of otherwavelengths. Therefore, light components transmitted through the opticalfilters 14 b, 14 c, 14 d, 14 e and 14 f have wavelength characteristicsof 340 nm, 405 nm, 575 nm, 660 nm and 800 nm respectively.

The filter plate holding member 14 h is so annularly formed that thefilter plate 14 g is arranged on a central hole portion thereof. Thefilter plate holding member 14 h is circumferentially provided with sixslits at a regular interval (60°). One of the six slits is an originslit 14 k having a larger width than the remaining five slits 14 l alongthe direction of rotation of the filter plate holding member 14 h.

The origin slit 14 k and the normal slits 14 l are formed onintermediate angular positions (deviating from the holes 14 i and 14 jby 30°) between the adjacent holes 14 i and 14 j at the regular intervalof 60°. The motor 15 (see FIG. 3) is connected to the shaft 14 a of thefilter portion 14. Thus, the motor 15 drives the filter portion 14 torotate about the shaft 14 a.

According to this embodiment, the control board 6 (see FIG. 1) controlsthe motor 15 to continuously rotate the filter portion 14 when the lampunit 5 emits a light component transmitted through any of the opticalfilters 14 b to 14 f. Following this rotation of the filter portion 14,the five optical filters 14 b to 14 f having different lighttransmission characteristics and the blocked hole 14 j (see FIG. 5) areintermittently successively arranged on paths of the light componentscondensed by the condensing lenses 13 a to 13 c (see FIG. 4) and thecondensing lenses 13 d to 13 f (see FIG. 4) respectively. Thus, the lampunit 5 intermittently successively applies five types of lightcomponents having different wavelength characteristics.

The light transmission sensor 16 is provided for detecting passage ofthe origin slit 14 k and the normal slits 14 l following the rotation ofthe filter portion 14, as shown in FIG. 3. In other words, the sensor 16is so set as to hold the filter portion 14 between a light source and aphotoreceptive portion. This sensor 16 is provided in correspondence toa position passed by the origin slit 14 k and the normal slits 14 l.

Upon passage of the origin slit 14 k and the normal slits 14 l,therefore, the photoreceptive portion detects light from the lightsource through the slits 14 k and 14 l so that the sensor 16 outputsdetection signals. Since the origin slit 14 k is larger in width thanthe normal slits 14 l, the detection signal output from the sensor 16upon passage of the origin slit 14 k has a longer output period than thedetection signals output from the sensor 16 upon passage of the normalslits 14 l. The detection signals output from the sensor 16 aretransmitted to the control board 6 (see FIG. 1), so that a filterrotation monitoring portion 112 b, described later, of the control board6 monitors whether or not the filter portion 14 normally rotates on thebasis of the detection signals received from the sensor 16.

The optical fiber members 17 a and 17 b are provided for guiding thelight components received from the lamp unit 5 to measurement samplesstored in the cuvettes 152 set on the second optical informationacquisitive portions 80 of the analyzer 3 and the extension analyzer 4respectively. As shown in FIG. 1, the optical fiber member 17 a is soset as to extend from the lamp unit 5 toward the second opticalinformation acquisitive portion 80 of the extension analyzer 4 throughan extension connecting terminal 7 provided on the extension analyzer 4.Also the optical fiber member 17 b is so set as to extend from the lampunit 5 toward the second optical information acquisitive portion 80 ofthe analyzer 3. Thus, the single lamp unit 5 can supply light componentsto the second optical information acquisitive portions 80 of theanalyzer 3 and the extension analyzer 4 respectively.

As shown in FIG. 4, each of the optical fiber members 17 a and 17 b isso formed as to receive a light component transmitted through any of theoptical filters 14 b to 14 f from an end bundled by the bundling member17 e (17 f). The 21 optical fibers 17 c are so arranged as to supplylight components to 20 receiving holes 81 a and a reference lightmeasurement hole 81 b, described later, of the extension analyzer 4 (seeFIG. 1) respectively. Also the 21 optical fiber members 17 d are soarranged as to supply light components to 20 receiving holes 81 a and areference light measurement hole 81 b, described later, of the analyzer3 (see FIG. 1) respectively.

The cuvette supply portion 20 arranges the plurality of cuvettes 152,randomly introduced by a user, one by one on a position 152 a. Thecuvette transfer portion 60 a transfers the cuvettes 152, each arrangedon the position 152 a, one by one to the rotary transport portion 30.The rotary transport portion 30 includes a discoidal table 30 a, whichis provided with a plurality of holes 152 b for storing the cuvettes 152and a plurality of holes 152 c for storing reagent vessels (not shown)storing reagents added to specimens stored in the cuvettes 152. Therotary transport portion 30 transports the cuvettes 152 and the reagentvessels by rotating the table 30 a.

The specimen injection arm 40 has a function of sucking specimens fromthe test tubes 150 transported to the suctional/injective position 2 a(2 b) while injecting the sucked specimens into the cuvettes 152transferred by the rotary transport portion 30. The reagent injectionarms 50 are provided for injecting the reagents stored in the reagentvessels (not shown) placed on the rotary transport portion 30 into thecuvettes 152 held on the rotary transport portion 30 thereby mixing thereagents into the specimens stored in the cuvettes 152. The cuvettetransfer portion 60 is provided for transferring the cuvettes 152between the rotary transport portion 30 and a cuvette receiving portion81, described later, of the second optical information acquisitiveportion 80.

The first optical information acquisitive portion 70 is so formed as toacquire optical information from the specimens, in order to detectpresence/absence, types and contents of interference substances(hemoglobin, chyle (lipid) and bilirubin) in the specimens not yet mixedwith the reagents. The first optical information acquisitive portion 70acquires the optical information before the second optical informationacquisitive portion 80 optically measures the specimens. As shown inFIG. 6, the first optical information acquisitive portion 70 includes alight-emitting diode (LED) 71 serving as a light source, a photoelectricconversion element 72, a preamplifier 73 and a substrate 74. This firstoptical information acquisitive portion 70 acquires the opticalinformation from the specimens by applying light components to thecuvettes 152 held on the rotary transport portion 30.

The light-emitting diode 71 is so provided as to apply light componentsto the cuvettes 152 held on the rotary transport portion 30. Acontroller 74 c of the substrate 74 (see FIG. 6) controls thelight-emitting diode 71 to periodically successively emit lightcomponents having three types of wavelength characteristics. Morespecifically, the light-emitting diode 71 periodically successivelyemits blue, green and red light components having wavelengthcharacteristics of 430 nm, 565 nm and 627 nm respectively. Thephotoelectric conversion element 72 has a function of detecting thelight components emitted from the light-emitting diode 71 andtransmitted through the cuvettes 152 and converting the same to electricsignals. The preamplifier 73 is provided for amplifying the electricsignals received from the photoelectric conversion element 72.

The substrate 74 has a function of amplifying and digitizing theelectric signals received from the photoelectric conversion element 72and transmitting the same to the PC body 3 b of the informationprocessing terminal 3 a. This substrate 74 is provided with anamplification portion 74 a, an A-D converter 74 b and a controller 74 c,as shown in FIG. 6. The amplification portion 74 a has an amplifier 74 dand an electronic volume 74 c. The amplifier 74 d is provided foramplifying the electric signals received from the preamplifier 73. Theamplifier 74 d is so formed as to input a control signal from thecontroller 74 c into the electronic volume 74 e thereby controlling thegain (amplification factor) of the amplifier 74 d. The A-D converter 74b is provided for converting the electric signals (analog signals)amplified by the amplifier 74 d to digital signals.

The controller 74 c is so formed as to change the gain (amplificationfactor) of the amplifier 74 d in response to periodic change of thewavelength characteristics (430 nm, 565 nm and 627 nm) of the lightcomponents emitted from the light-emitting diode 71. Further, thecontroller 74 c is electrically connected to the PC body 3 b, fortransmitting the digital signals converted by the A-D converter 74 b tothe PC body 3 b. Thus, the PC body 3 b analyzes the digital signalsreceived from the first optical information acquisitive portion 70thereby obtaining absorbance values (intensity levels of transmittedlight components) of the specimens stored in the cuvettes 152 withrespect to the three light components emitted from the light-emittingdiode 71, while analyzing the presence/absence, types and contents ofthe interference substances in the specimens. On the basis of theresults of analysis, the PC body 3 b determines whether or not tomeasure the specimens with the second optical information acquisitiveportion 80 and controls a method of analyzing detection signals from thesecond optical information acquisitive portion 80 and a method ofdisplaying the results of analysis.

The second optical information acquisitive portion 80 has a function ofwarming the measurement samples prepared by adding the reagents to thespecimens and detecting optical information from the measurementsamples. This second optical information acquisitive portion 80 isconstituted of the cuvette receiving portion 81 and a detection portion82 (see FIG. 7) arranged under the cuvette receiving portion 81. Thecuvette receiving portion 81 is provided with the 20 receiving holes 81a for receiving the cuvettes 152 and the reference light measurementhole 81 b for measuring reference light without receiving any cuvette152, as shown in FIG. 1. Further, the cuvette receiving portion 81 has abuilt-in warming mechanism (not shown) for warming the cuvettes 152received in the receiving holes 81 a.

The detection portion 82 is so formed as to optically measure themeasurement samples stored in the cuvettes 152 received in the receivingholes 81 a. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the detection portion 82 isprovided with collimator lenses 83 a, photoelectric conversion elements84 a and preamplifiers 85 a in correspondence to the receiving holes 81a receiving the cuvettes 152 respectively, and further provided with areference light collimator lens 83 b, a reference light photoelectricconversion element 84 b and a reference light preamplifier 85 b incorrespondence to the reference light measurement hole 81 b (see FIG.1). The reference light collimator lens 83 b, the reference lightphotoelectric conversion element 84 b and the reference lightpreamplifier 85 b are identical in structure to the collimator lenses 83a, the photoelectric conversion elements 84 a and the preamplifiers 85 arespectively.

As shown in FIG. 8, the collimator lenses 83 a are set between ends ofthe optical fibers 17 d (17 c) guiding the light components receivedfrom the lamp unit 5 (see FIG. 1) and the corresponding receiving holes81 a. The collimator lenses 83 a are provided for parallelizing thelight components received from the optical fibers 17 d (17 c). Thephotoelectric conversion elements 84 a are mounted on surfaces, closerto the receiving holes 81 a, of substrates 86 a opposite to the ends ofthe optical fibers 17 d (17 c) through the receiving holes 81 a. Thepreamplifiers 85 a are mounted on other surfaces of the substrates 86 aopposite to the receiving holes 81 a. The photoelectric conversionelements 84 a have functions of detecting light components (hereinafterreferred to as transmitted light components) transmitted through themeasurement samples stored in the cuvettes 152 received in the receivingholes 81 a upon photoirradiation and outputting electric signals (analogsignals) corresponding to the detected transmitted light components. Thepreamplifiers 85 a of the detection portion 82 are provided foramplifying the electric signals (analog signals) received from thephotoelectric conversion elements 84 a.

The reference light collimator lens 83 b, the reference lightphotoelectric conversion element 84 b, the reference light preamplifier85 b and a reference light substrate 86 b provided on the detectionportion 82 in correspondence to the reference light measuring hole 81 bare identical in structure to the collimator lenses 83 a, thephotoelectric conversion elements 84 a, the preamplifiers 85 a and thesubstrates 86 a provided on the detection portion 82 in correspondenceto the receiving holes 81 a respectively. The reference lightphotoelectric conversion element 84 b is so formed as to directlyreceive a light component emitted from the corresponding optical fiber17 d (17 c) and transmitted through the reference light collimator lens83 b as reference light. In other words, the reference lightphotoelectric conversion element 84 b is so formed as to detect thereference light applied without through the cuvettes 152 storing themeasurement samples and to output an electric signal (analog signal)corresponding to the detected reference light.

The control board 6 is arranged under the second optical informationacquisitive portion 80. This control board 6 has a function ofcontrolling operations of the analyzer 3 and the lamp unit 5 whileprocessing and storing the optical information (electric signals)received from the second optical information acquisitive portion 80. Asshown in FIGS. 7 and 9, the control board 6 is provided with the signalprocessing portion 111, the control portion 112, an amplificationcircuit 113, a differentiation circuit 114 and a temperature controller115. The signal processing portion 111 is provided for processing thesignals output from the photoelectric conversion elements 84 a detectingthe transmitted light components when the lamp unit 5 applies the lightcomponents to the measurement samples. As shown in FIG. 9, this signalprocessing portion 111 has three multiplexers (MUX) 111 a, three offsetcircuits 111 b, three amplifiers 111 c and three A-D conversion portions111 d. The first multiplexer 111 a, the first offset circuit 111 b, thefirst amplifier 111 c and the first A-D conversion portion 111 dconstitute a signal processing line L0. The signal processing portion111 is also provided with signal processing lines L1 and L2 similar instructure to the signal processing line L0. In other words, the signalprocessing portion 111 is provided with the three signal processinglines L0 to L2 for processing the plurality of analog signals receivedfrom the detection portion 82.

As shown in FIG. 10, the multiplexers 11 a are connected to theplurality of preamplifiers 85 a (reference light preamplifier 85 b).These multiplexers 111 a are so formed as to select the plurality ofanalog signals received from the plurality of photoelectric conversionelements 84 a (reference light photoelectric conversion element 84 b)through the preamplifiers 85 a (reference light preamplifier 85 b) oneby one and to successively output the same to the offset circuits 111 b.The offset circuits 111 b have functions of correcting the signalsreceived from the multiplexers 111 a. More specifically, the offsetcircuits 111 b are supplied with offset values corresponding to thereceiving holes 81 a and the reference light measurement hole 81 bemployed for measurement respectively from the control portion 112 (seeFIG. 9). The offset circuits 111 b subtract these offset values from thesignals corresponding to the transmitted light components received fromthe multiplexers 111 a, thereby correcting the signals corresponding tothe transmitted light components received from the multiplexers 111 a.

The amplifiers 111 c have functions of amplifying the analog signalsreceived from the offset circuits 111 b. The control portion 112controls the gains (amplification factors) of these amplifiers 111 c, tobe switchable between low gains and high gains higher than the lowgains. Signals of the low gains (amplification factors) and the highgains (amplification factors) amplified by the amplifiers 111 c areinput in the A-D conversion portions 111 d at different timings. The A-Dconversion portions 111 d, connected to the amplifiers 111 crespectively, are provided for converting processed analog signalsamplified to the signals (analog signals) of the low and high gains bythe amplifiers 111 c to digital signals (data).

According to this embodiment, the A-D conversion portions 111 d output48 data (16 data per A-D conversion portion 111 d) corresponding tochannels CH0 to CH47 respectively, as shown in FIG. 10. Among thesechannels CH0 to CH47, the data of 42 channels CH0 to CH41 correspond todata based on the electric signals obtained from the photoelectricconversion elements 84 a and the reference light photoelectricconversion element 84 b respectively. In other words, the amplifiers 111c of the signal processing portion 111 amplify 20 data obtained from 20photoelectric conversion elements 84 a to 40 data with the low and highgains (amplification factors). One of the amplifiers 111 c of the signalprocessing portion 111 (see FIG. 9) amplifies single data obtained fromthe reference light photoelectric conversion element 84 b to two datawith the low and high gains (amplification factors). The data of thechannels CH0 to CH41 correspond to 42 data obtained by totalizing theaforementioned 40 data and the two data corresponding to the referencelight. The remaining six channels CH42 to CH47 are preliminary channelsnot used in this embodiment, and data of these channels CH42 to CH47 donot correspond to the electric signals from the photoelectric conversionelements 84 a and the reference light photoelectric conversion element84 b.

The control portion 112 has functions of controlling the operations ofthe analyzer 3 and acquiring and storing the digital signals (data)received from the A-D conversion portions 111 d. As shown in FIG. 9,this control portion 112 includes a controller 112 a, the filterrotation monitoring portion 112 b, a motor controller 112 c, amultiplexer control portion 112 d, an offset interface 112 e, anamplifier interface 112 f, an A-D conversion portion interface 112 g, alogger memory 112 h, a set memory 112 i, a controller status register112 j and a local bus interface 112 k.

The controller 112 a has a function of unifying various controloperations with the control portion 112. The filter rotation monitoringportion 112 b is provided for monitoring whether or not the filterportion 14 of the lamp unit 5 normally rotates. This filter rotationmonitoring portion 112 b is so formed as to receive the detectionsignals from the sensor 16 detecting passage of the origin slit 14 k(see FIG. 5) and the normal slits 141 following rotation of the filterportion 14. The filter rotation monitoring portion 112 b monitorswhether or not the filter portion 14 normally rotates by monitoring thetime intervals of the detection signals for the origin slit 14 k (seeFIG. 5) and the normal slits 141 (see FIG. 5) output from the sensor 16and the frequency of the detection signals for the normal slits 141output between pairs of detection signals for the origin slit 14 koutput from the sensor 16. The motor controller 112 c has a function ofcontrolling the rotational frequency of the motor 15 rotating the filterportion 14. The multiplexer control portion 112 d has a function ofcontrolling operations of the multiplexers 111 a. More specifically, themultiplexer control portion 112 d controls the operations of theplurality of multiplexers 111 a to select the analog signals atdifferent times respectively.

The controller 112 a is so formed as to control operations of the offsetcircuits 111 b, the amplifiers 111 c and the A-D conversion portions 111d of the signal processing portion 111 through the offset interface 112e, the amplifier interface 112 f and the A-D conversion portioninterface 112 g respectively, as shown in FIG. 9. More specifically, thecontroller 112 a supplies prescribed offset values to the offsetcircuits 111 b through the offset interface 112 e, while controlling theoffset circuits 111 b to perform correction processing by subtractingthe offset values from the signals received from the multiplexers 111 a.The controller 112 a controls the amplifiers 111 c between the low andhigh gains through the amplifier interface 112 f, while controlling theamplifiers 111 c to amplify the signals received from the offsetcircuits 111 b. Further, the controller 112 a controls the A-Dconversion portions 111 d to convert the signals (analog signals)received from the amplifiers 111 c to digital signals through the A-Dconversion portion interface 112 g. The logger memory 112 h receives andstores the digital signals (data) acquired by the A-D conversionportions 111 d through the A-D conversion portion interface 112 g andthe controller 112 a. At this time, the controller 112 a controlsoperations of the A-D conversion portions 111 d through the A-Dconversion portion interface 112 g, not to overlap the periods foroutputting the digital signals respectively with each other.

The controller 112 a also has a function of switching that executingprocessing among the multiplexers 111 a, the offset circuits 111 b, theamplifiers 111 c and the A-D conversion portions 111 d of the signallines L0 to L2 and the logger memory 112 h, so that the A-D conversionportion 111 d of another signal processing line L1, L2 or L0 performsconversion processing with the corresponding A-D conversion portion 116d and the logger memory 112 h of the control portion 112 stores datawhile the multiplexer 111 a, the offset circuit 111 b and the amplifier111 c of a prescribed signal processing line L0, L1 or L2 process thecorresponding analog signals. This point is described later in moredetail with reference to an analytic operation.

The logger memory 112 h is provided for storing the digital signals(data) corresponding to the analog signals output from the photoelectricconversion elements 84 a. As shown in FIG. 11, the logger memory 112 his constituted of 32 areas 0 to 31 in units of 128 bytes. The areas 0 to31 store data corresponding to the light components transmitted throughthe five optical filters 14 b to 14 f (see FIG. 5) and datacorresponding to the blocked hole 14 j respectively. Every rotation ofthe filter portion 14 results in data corresponding to the lightcomponents transmitted through the five optical filters 14 b to 14 fhaving different light transmission characteristics. The logger memory112 h (see FIG. 11) stores these data successively from the area 0. Thelogger memory 112 h stores “0” in every sixth area as the datacorresponding to the hole 14 j. Thus, the logger memory 112 h uses sixareas every rotation (about 100 msec.) of the filter portion 14. Afterusing the areas 0 to 31 up to the final area 31, the logger memory 112 hreturns to the area 0 for overwriting data.

Each of the areas 0 to 31 of the logger memory 112 h has 128 addresses.For example, the area 0 has 128 addresses 000h to 00Fh, 010h to 01Fh,020h to 02Fh, 030h to 03Fh, 040h to 04Fh, 050h to 05Fh, 060h to 06Fh and070h to 07Fh. Further, the area 0 is so formed as to store the data ofthe aforementioned channels CH0 to CH47 (see FIG. 10) in the 96addresses 00h to 05Fh. Each of the data of the channels CH0 to CH47 isstored in two addresses. According to this embodiment, the channels CH42to 47 output no data as hereinabove described, so that addressescorresponding to these channels CH42 to 47 store no data.

The addresses 060h to 06Fh and 070h to 07Fh in the area 0 of the loggermemory 112 h shown in FIG. 11 are preliminary addresses storing no datain this embodiment. The area 0 stores filter numbers (0 to 4) in thefinal address 07Fh. These filter numbers (0 to 4) are employed foridentifying the five optical filters 14 b to 14 f (see FIG. 5)respectively. The optical filters 14 b to 14 f can be identified bydetecting the timing of passage of the origin slit 14 k. The area 0stores the filter numbers (0 to 4) corresponding to the five opticalfilters 14 b to 14 f in the address 07Fh, thereby identifying theoptical filter (one of 14 b to 14 f) through which the light componentcorresponding to the data stored in the area 0 has been transmitted.

The set memory 112 i shown in FIG. 9 is provided for storing set valuessuch as the offset values supplied to the offset circuits 111 b and thegains (amplification factors) supplied to the amplifiers 111 c. Thecontroller status register 112 j is provided for temporarily storinginformation such as whether or not the filter portion 14 normallyrotates, presence/absence of errors in analog-to-digital conversion bythe A-D conversion portions 111 d, the status of data acquisition by thePC body 3 b from the logger memory 112 h and presence/absence of aninstruction for starting measurement from the PC body 3 b. The controlportion 112 has a function of transmitting the data (opticalinformation) of the measurement samples stored in the logger memory 112h to the PC body 3 b through the local bus interface 112 k and aninterface 116.

The amplification circuit 113 of the control board 6 shown in FIG. 9 hasa function of receiving the signal output from the reference lightphotoelectric conversion element 84 b (see FIG. 10) through thereference light preamplifier 85 b and amplifying the received signal. Asshown in FIG. 12, this amplification circuit 113 is constituted of tworesistors 113 a and 113 b and an operational amplifier 113 c. A firstend of the resistor 113 a receives the signal corresponding to thereference light from the reference light preamplifier 85 b, while asecond end thereof is connected to an inverted input terminal of theoperational amplifier 113 c. The resistor 113 b is connected between anoutput terminal and the inverted input terminal of the operationalamplifier 113 c. A non-inverted input terminal of the operationalamplifier 113 c is grounded. The multiplexers 111 a of the signalprocessing portion 111 (see FIG. 9) and the differentiation circuit 114receive an output of the operational amplifier 113 c.

The differentiation circuit 114 of the control board 6 has a function ofgenerating a differential signal of the signal (hereinafter referred toas a reference signal) corresponding to the reference light receivedfrom the amplification circuit 113. As shown in FIG. 12, thisdifferentiation circuit 114 is constituted of two resistors 114 a and114 b, two capacitors 114 c and 114 d and an operational amplifier 114e. A first end of the resistor 114 a receives the reference signal fromthe amplification circuit 113, while a second end thereof is connectedto a first electrode of the capacitor 114 c. A second electrode of thecapacitor 114 c is connected to an inverted input terminal of theoperational amplifier 114 e. Both of the resistor 114 b and thecapacitor 114 d are connected between an output terminal and theinverted input terminal of the operational amplifier 114 e. Anon-inverted input terminal of the operational amplifier 114 e isgrounded. The controller 112 a of the control portion 112 (see FIG. 9)receives an output of the operational amplifier 114 e through acomparator (not shown).

The temperature controller 115 of the control board 6 show in FIG. 9 hasa function of controlling the temperature of the cuvette receivingportion 81 (see FIG. 1) receiving the cuvettes 152 by controllinganother warming mechanism (not shown) stored in the second opticalinformation acquisitive portion 80. As shown in FIG. 9, the temperaturecontroller 115 is so formed as to control warming with the warmingmechanism (not shown) of the second optical information acquisitiveportion 80 in response to a set temperature (about 37° C.) received fromthe PC body 3 b through the interface 116.

The outline of control of the analyzer 3 with the PC body 3 b is nowdescribed with reference to FIGS. 2, 3 and 13. The analyzer 3 and theextension analyzer 4 are identical in control to each other, and hencethe control of the analyzer 3 is described in the following.

The analytic system 1 starts the information processing terminal 3 a,the body of the analyzer 3 and the extension analyzer 4 by supplyingpower thereto.

Upon this power supply, the PC body 3 b performs initialization at astep S1 shown in FIG. 13. In this initialization, the PC body 3 binitializes software stored therein and performs processing of acquiringn clocks described later from the control portion 112 of the analyzer 3.Upon power supply to the body of the analyzer 3, the halogen lamp 11 ofthe lamp unit 5 (see FIG. 3) applies light while the filter portion 14starts continuously rotating at a rotational speed of 10revolutions/sec. in the initialization at the step S1. The halogen lamp11 continuously applies light and the filter portion 14 continuouslyrotates until the body of the analyzer 3 is turned off. At a step S2,the PC body 3 b accepts entry of specimen analysis information by theuser. In other words, the user inputs information in columns of specimennumbers and measurement items of a specimen analysis list output on thedisplay portion 3 c of the information processing terminal 3 a (see FIG.2) through the keyboard 3 d of the information processing terminal 3 a.The PC body 3 b preserves the specimen analysis information.

At a step S3, the PC body 3 b instructs analysis, so that the analyzer 3performs the analysis. At a step S4, the PC body 3 b determines whetheror not a shutdown instruction for the analytic system 1 has beenreceived. When determining that no shutdown instruction for the analyticsystem 1 has been received at the step S4, the PC body 3 b returns tothe step S2 for accepting entry of another specimen analysis informationby the user. When determining that a shutdown instruction for theanalytic system 1 has been received at the step S4, on the other hand,the PC body 3 b performs shutdown processing at a step S5. According tothis shutdown processing, the analytic system 1 automatically enters anOFF-state, thereby completing the operation thereof.

A method of calculating the n clocks with the control portion 112 is nowdescribed with reference to FIGS. 3, 7 to 9, 14 and 15.

As shown in FIG. 15, the quantity of the reference light incident uponthe reference light photoelectric conversion element 84 b (see FIG. 8)from the lamp unit 5 changes along a waveform shown as “QUANTITY OFREFERENCE LIGHT” during the continuous rotation of the filter portion 14(see FIG. 3). Referring to FIG. 15, symbol Ä denotes a period when anyone of the optical filters 14 b to 14 f of the rotating filter portion14 is arranged on the path of the corresponding light component from thehalogen lamp 11 in the lamp unit 5 (see FIG. 3). When the aforementionedone of the optical filters 14 b to 14 f approaches the path of thecorresponding light component from the halogen lamp 11 in this period Ä,the quantity of the reference light gradually increases. Thereafter thepath of the corresponding light component from the halogen lamp 11completely falls into the aforementioned one of the optical filters 14 bto 14 f, so that the quantity of the reference light is constant. Whenthe aforementioned one of the optical filters 14 b to 14 f thereafterstarts deviating from the path of the corresponding light component fromthe halogen lamp 11, the quantity of the reference light starts togradually decrease. When the aforementioned one of the optical filters14 b to 14 f completely deviates from the path of the correspondinglight component from the halogen lamp 11, the quantity of the referencelight reaches zero.

As shown in FIG. 7, the reference light photoelectric conversion element84 b converts the reference light to an electric signal, so that thereference light preamplifier 85 b and the amplification circuit 113amplify this electric signal. The amplification circuit 113 outputs asignal (hereinafter referred to as a reference signal) corresponding tothe reference light, so that the differentiation circuit 114 receivesthis reference signal. The differentiation circuit 114 generates adifferential signal of the reference signal having a waveform shown as“DIFFERENTIAL SIGNAL OF REFERENCE SIGNAL” in FIG. 15. The controlportion 112 receives this differential signal of the reference signalfrom the differentiation circuit 114 (see FIG. 9) through the comparator(not shown).

At a step S11 shown in FIG. 14, the control portion 112 detects a clocknumber N1 at a point of time when the differential signal of thereference signal reaches a prescribed positive threshold (+). Morespecifically, the differential signal of the reference signal risesfollowing increase of the quantity of the reference light, as shown inFIG. 15. In response to the differential signal reaching the prescribedpositive threshold (+), the comparator (not shown) receiving thedifferential signal from the differentiation circuit 114 (see FIG. 9)outputs a pulse signal rising to a high level. The controller 112 a ofthe control portion 112 receives this pulse signal, and detects theclock number N1 at the point of time when the pulse signal has risen tothe high level. Thus, the controller 112 a detects the clock number N1at the point of time when the differential signal of the referencesignal reaches the prescribed positive threshold (+).

Thereafter the quantity of the reference light further increases andreaches a prescribed constant value, as shown in FIG. 15. Thereafter thequantity of the reference light gradually decreases. Following this, thedifferential signal of the reference signal gradually falls. At a stepS12 shown in FIG. 14, the control portion 12 detects a clock number (N2)at a point of time when the differential signal of the reference signalreaches a prescribed negative threshold (−). More specifically, thecomparator (not shown) receiving the differential signal from thedifferentiation circuit 114 (see FIG. 9) outputs a pulse signal risingto a high level in response to the differential signal of the referencesignal gradually falling and reaching the prescribed negative threshold(−). The controller 112 a of the control portion 112 receives this pulsesignal, and detects the clock number N2 at the time when the pulsesignal has risen to the high level. Thus, the controller 112 a of thecontrol portion 112 detects the clock number N2 at the time when thedifferential signal of the reference signal reaches the prescribednegative threshold (−).

At a step S13 in FIG. 14, the control portion 112 calculates the numberof clocks (N clocks) counted between the clock numbers N1 and N2according to a formula n=N2−N1. At a step S14, the control portion 112calculates the clock number (n clocks) for deciding the timing forstarting acquiring the signals corresponding to the light componentstransmitted through the measurement samples according to a formulan=(N−m)/2, where m represents the number of clocks previously set as aproper period necessary for the control portion 112 for acquiring thesignals corresponding to the light components transmitted through themeasurement samples. According to this embodiment, the control portion112 calculates the timing for starting acquiring the signalscorresponding to the transmitted light components with the referencelight not influenced by the measurement samples etc. As understood fromFIG. 15, the control portion 112 can acquire signals in a period wherethe quantities of the light components applied from the lamp unit 5 arestable by acquiring the signals corresponding to the light componentstransmitted through the measurement samples from the detection portion82 for the period of m clocks with the multiplexers 111 a after n clockscalculated in the aforementioned manner from the clock N1.

The aforementioned processing at the step S3 in FIG. 13 is now describedin detail with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, 5 to 11, 13 and 16 to 18. At astep S21 shown in FIG. 16, the PC body 3 b instructs primarymeasurement. Thus, the aforementioned first optical informationacquisitive portion 70 measures interference substances in thespecimens. The PC body 3 b receives the optical information acquired bythe first optical information acquisitive portion 70 through thecontroller 74 c.

At a step S22, the PC body 3 b analyzes the received opticalinformation, and determines whether or not the primarily measuredspecimens are to be subjected to secondary measurement with the secondoptical information acquisitive portion 80 on the basis of the resultsof the analysis. When determining that the specimens are not to besubjected to secondary measurement with the second optical informationacquisitive portion 80, the PC body 3 b makes the display portion 3 cdisplay a message indicating that it is difficult to perform reliableanalysis due to remarkable influence by interference substancescontained in these specimens (step S28). When determining that thespecimens are to be subjected to secondary measurement at the step S22,on the other hand, the PC body 3 b instructs suction of the specimens ata step S23. Thus, the specimen injection arm 40 sucks the specimens fromthe cuvettes 152 held on the rotary transport portion 30.

At a step S24, the PC body 3 b instructs preparation of measurementsamples. Thus, the specimen injection arm 40 injects the suckedspecimens into the plurality of cuvettes 152 while the reagent injectionarms 50 add the reagents for starting blood coagulation contained in thereagent vessels (not shown) to the specimens stored in the plurality ofcuvettes 152 in the analyzer 3. Thus, the analyzer 3 prepares themeasurement samples. Then, the cuvette transfer portion 60 moves thecuvettes 152 storing the measurement samples toward the receiving holes81 a of the cuvette receiving portion 81 of the second opticalinformation acquisitive portion 80.

At a step S25, the PC body 3 b instructs secondary measurement. Thus,the analyzer 3 starts secondary measurement of the measurement samples.This secondary measurement is now described in detail.

As hereinabove described, the lamp unit 5 intermittently successivelyapplies the five types of light components having different wavelengthcharacteristics (340 nm, 405 nm, 575 nm, 660 nm and 800 nm) respectivelyto the cuvettes 152 moved toward the receiving holes 81 a. The lightcomponents transmitted through the cuvettes 152 are converted to digitaldata through the photoelectric conversion elements 84 a, thepreamplifiers 85 a, the multiplexers 111 a, the offset circuits 111 b,the amplifiers 111 c and the A-D conversion portions 111 d and stored inthe logger memory 112 h.

Operations of the signal processing portion 111 are now described withreference to FIG. 10.

The three signal processing lines L0 to L2 constituted of themultiplexers 111 a, the offset circuits 111 b, the amplifiers 111 c andthe A-D conversion portions 111 d partially parallelly process theelectric signals with the multiplexers 111 a, the offset circuits 111 b,the amplifiers 111 c and the A-D conversion portions 111 d. As shown inFIG. 10, the signal processing line L0 processes the correspondingelectric signals with the multiplexer 111 a, the offset circuit 111 band the amplifier 111 c, the signal processing line L1 converts thecorresponding electric signals with the A-D conversion portion 111 d andthe logger memory 112 h (see FIG. 9) of the control portion 112 storesdata in parallel with each other. Similarly, the signal processing lineL1 processes the corresponding electric signals with the multiplexer 111a, the offset circuit 111 b and the amplifier 111 c, the signalprocessing line L2 converts the corresponding electric signals with theA-D conversion portion 111 d and the logger memory 112 h (see FIG. 9) ofthe control portion 112 stores data in parallel with each other.Further, the signal processing line L2 processes the correspondingelectric signals with the multiplexer 111 a, the offset circuit 111 band the amplifier 111 c, the signal processing line L0 converts thecorresponding electric signals with the A-D conversion portion 111 d andthe logger memory 112 h (see FIG. 9) of the control portion 112 storesdata in parallel with each other.

The signal processing portion 111 partially parallelly processes theelectric signals in units of 48 μsec. by successively using the threesignal processing lines L0 to L2, as shown in FIG. 17. Morespecifically, the signal processing line L0 performs switching to thechannel CH0 with the multiplexer 111 a, correction with the offsetcircuit 111 b and amplification with the amplifier 111 c at a step 0shown in FIG. 17. At this step 0, the signal processing lines L1 and L2are in states waiting for stabilization of the corresponding electricsignals (signal wait states), to process no electric signals. At a step1 in FIG. 17, the signal processing line L1 performs switching to thechannel CH6 with the multiplexer 111 a, correction with the offsetcircuit 111 b and amplification with the amplifier 111 c. At this step1, the signal processing lines L0 and L1 are in states waiting forstabilization of the corresponding electric signals, to process noelectric signals.

At a step 2 in FIG. 17, the signal processing line L0 performs A-Dconversion of the electric signal of the channel CH0 with the A-Dconversion portion 111 d, the logger memory 112 h stores data and thesignal processing line L2 performs switching to the channel CH32 withthe multiplexer 111 a, correction with the offset circuit 111 b andamplification with the amplifier 111 c in parallel with each other. Atthe step 2, the signal processing line L1 is in a state waiting forstabilization of the corresponding electric signals, not to process theelectric signals.

At a step 3 in FIG. 17, the signal processing line L0 performs switchingto the channel CH1 with the multiplexer 111 a, correction with theoffset circuit 111 b and amplification with the amplifier 111 c, thesignal processing line L1 performs A-D conversion of the electric signalof the channel CH16 with the A-D conversion portion 111 d and the loggermemory 112 h stores data in parallel with each other. At this step 3,the signal processing line L2 is in a state waiting for stabilization ofthe corresponding electric signals, not to process the electric signals.

At a step 4 in FIG. 17, the signal processing line L1 performs switchingto the channel CH117 with the multiplexer 111 a, correction with theoffset circuit 111 b and amplification with the amplifier 111 c, thesignal processing line L2 performs A-D conversion of the electric signalof the channel CH32 with the A-D conversion portion 111 d and the loggermemory 112 h stores data in parallel with each other. At this step 4,the signal processing line L0 is in a state waiting for stabilization ofthe corresponding electric signals, not to process the electric signals.

The signal processing lines L0 to L2 repetitively perform parallelprocessing similar to that through the aforementioned steps 2 to 4 up toa step 49 while switching the channels for signal processing. At a step50, the signal processing line L2 performs switching to the channel CH32with the multiplexer 111 a, correction with the offset circuit 111 b andamplification with the amplifier 111 c. At the step 50, the signalprocessing lines L0 and L1 are in states waiting for stabilization ofthe corresponding electric signals, not to process the electric signals.

All output signals of the multiplexers 111 a, the offset circuits 111 band the amplifiers 111 c are unstable immediately after signalprocessing. According to this embodiment, the aforementioned periods forwaiting for stabilization of the electric signals are so provided as toprevent such unstable signals from application to analysis of analytes.

The signal processing lines L0 to L2 process the electric signals of allchannels CH0 to CH47 through the 51 steps 0 to 50 in the aforementionedmanner. The signal processing lines L0 to L2 process the electricsignals through the 51 steps 0 to 50 in a period of 2.45 msec. (=48[sec.×51 steps). Further, the signal processing lines L0 to L2 processthe electric signals through the 51 steps 0 to 50 once in a period ofdata acquisitive processing of m clocks described later.

As hereinabove described, the logger memory 112 h stores data inprescribed addresses, for specifying the optical filters and thechannels transmitting the light components received from the halogenlamp 11. The logger memory 112 h transmits the data stored therein tothe PC body 3 b at prescribed timing.

At a step S26 in FIG. 16, the PC body 3 b selects optical information(data) suitable for analysis from among 10 types of optical information(data) having different wavelength characteristics and differentamplification rates received from the second optical informationacquisitive portion 80, i.e., among data of the low and high gainscorresponding to the five types of optical filters 14 b to 14 frespectively, on the basis of the results of analysis of the opticalinformation (data) from the first optical information acquisitiveportion 70 acquired at the step S22 and analyzes the opticalinformation. At a step S27, the PC body 3 b outputs the results ofanalysis of the measurement samples (coagulation curve and coagulationtime shown in FIG. 18 in this embodiment) to the display portion 3 c.

Data acquisition with the control portion 112 according to thisembodiment is now described with reference to FIGS. 9, 13, 15, 17 and19. The PC body 3 b instructs analysis (step S3), in order to start thisdata acquisition.

At a step S31 shown in FIG. 19, the control portion 112 (FIG. 9) waitsfor detection of the leading edge of the differential signal of thereference signal corresponding to N1 in FIG. 15. When detecting theleading edge of the differential signal of the reference signal, thecontrol portion 112 waits for a lapse of n clocks calculated in theinitialization from the leading edge of the differential signal of thereference signal.

At a step S33, the control portion 112 starts acquiring digital dataoutput from the three A-D conversion portions 111 d respectively. At astep S34, the control portion 112 waits for a lapse of m clocks from thestart of digital data acquisition. Upon the lapse of m clocks, thecontrol portion 112 ends the digital data acquisition at a step S35. Ata step S36, the control portion 112 determines whether or not aprescribed time has elapsed from the time receiving the instruction foranalysis from the PC body 3 b. The control portion 112 ends the dataacquisition if the prescribed time has elapsed, while returning to thestep S31 if the prescribed time has not yet elapsed.

Data acquisition with the PC body 3 b according to this embodiment isnow described with reference to FIGS. 1, 9, 11, 18 and 20. The PC body 3b starts this processing upon power supply to the information processingterminal 3 a.

At a step S40 in FIG. 20, the PC body 3 b monitors whether or not thelogger memory 112 h has newly stored data, and waits until the loggermemory 112 h stores data for 100 msec. (corresponding to single rotationof the filter portion 14). More specifically, the PC body 3 b waits fortransmission of a notice from the control portion 112 indicating thatthe logger memory 112 h has stored data for 100 msec. At a step S41, thePC body 3 b acquires the data (partial time-series data) for 100 msec.through the interface 116 and the local bus interface 112 k. In otherwords, the PC body 3 b acquires data for 100 msec. corresponding tosingle rotation of the filter portion 14 stored in the areas 0 to 5 ofthe logger memory 112 h as shown in FIG. 11.

At a step S42, the PC body 3 b determines whether or not the informationprocessing terminal 3 a has accepted a shutdown instruction. When theinformation processing terminal 3 a has accepted no shutdowninstruction, the PC body 3 b returns to the step S40. When theinformation processing terminal 3 a has accepted the shutdowninstruction, on the other hand, the PC body 3 b ends the dataacquisition. When carrying out the step S41 for the second time, the PCbody 3 b acquires data from the six areas 6 to 11 of the logger memory112 h subsequent to the areas 0 to 5, from which the data have beenacquired at the first time. Thus, the PC body 3 b successively acquiresdata from the logger memory 112 h every six areas.

The PC body 3 b creates prescribed time-series data by combining partialtime-series data subsequent to the time when the cuvettes 152 (seeFIG. 1) storing the measurement samples have been received in thereceiving holes 81 a of the second optical information acquisitiveportion 80 among those acquired from the logger memory 112 h at the stepS41 in a time-series manner. Then, the PC body 3 b creates thecoagulation curve shown in FIG. 18 on the basis of the createdtime-series data, and obtains the coagulation times of the measurementsamples from the created coagulation curve. More specifically, the PCbody 3 b obtains a time t when the intensity of the transmitted lightcomponents reaches 50%, i.e., the intermediate level between 100% and0%, and calculates elapsed times from this time t as the coagulationtimes. The display portion 3 c displays the coagulation times at thestep S27 (see FIG. 16), as described above.

Monitoring on the rotation of the filter portion 14 is now described.

The control portion 112 parallelly and continuously executes thefollowing three monitoring operations during the rotation of the filterportion 14. When causing an error in at least one of the threemonitoring operations, the control portion 112 stops the filter portion14 from rotating. The methods of the three monitoring operations on therotation of the filter portion 14 are now described in detail.

A method of monitoring the time interval for detecting the origin slit14 k is described with reference to FIGS. 2, 3, 9, 21 and 22. Accordingto this embodiment, the filter portion 14 of the lamp unit (see FIG. 3)continuously uninterruptedly rotates while a power source of theanalyzer 3 (see FIG. 2) is in an ON-state. At this time, the filterrotation monitoring portion 112 b of the control portion 112 (see FIG.9) receives signals from the sensor 16 detecting the slits 14 k and 141of the rotating filter portion 14. When detecting the slits 14 k and 14l, the sensor 16 outputs a signal rising to ON-states as shown in awaveform diagram of FIG. 22. At a step S51 shown in FIG. 21, the filterrotation monitoring portion 112 b determines whether or not the sensor16 has detected any slit on the basis of the signal received from thesensor 16. When detecting that the sensor 16 has detected no slit at thestep S51, the filter rotation monitoring portion 112 b repetitivelydetermines whether or not the sensor 16 has detected passage of any slitat the step S51 again.

When determining that the sensor 16 has detected any slit at the stepS51 shown in FIG. 21, on the other hand, the filter rotation monitoringportion 112 b of the control portion 112 determines whether or not thisslit is the origin slit 14 k at a step S52. The filter rotationmonitoring portion 112 b makes this determination on the origin slit 14k on the basis of a signal generated by a slit width counter (not shown)provided therein. The slit width counter (not shown) generates anintegral signal of the signal received from the sensor 16 as shown inFIG. 22. The ON-state period of the signal output from the sensor 16upon detection of the origin slit 14 k is longer than the ON-stateperiod of the signal output from the sensor 16 upon detection of anynormal slit 14 l due to the width of the origin slit 14 k larger thanthose of the remaining normal slits 14 l. When the sensor 16 hasdetected the origin slit 14 k, therefore, the integral signal generatedby the slit width counter (not shown) of the filter rotation monitoringportion 112 b rises up to a level higher than those of integral signalsoutput upon detection of the normal slits 14 l. Thus, the filterrotation monitoring portion 112 b sets a prescribed threshold betweenthe levels of rise of the integral signals output upon detection of theorigin slit 14 k and the normal slits 14 l, for determining that theslit detected by the sensor 16 is the origin slit 14 k when thecorresponding integral signal reaches the prescribed threshold whiledetermining that the slit detected by the sensor 16 is not the originslit 14 k (but any of the normal slits 14 l) when the correspondingintegral signal does not reach the prescribed threshold.

When determining that the slit detected by the sensor 16 is not theorigin slit 14 k at the step S52 in FIG. 21, the filter rotationmonitoring portion 112 b returns to the step S51. When determining thatthe slit detected by the sensor 16 is the origin slit 14 k, on the otherhand, the filter rotation monitoring portion 112 b stores the time T1when the sensor 16 has detected the origin slit 14 k at a step S53. At astep S54, the filter rotation monitoring portion 112 b determineswhether or not the sensor 16 has detected another slit similarly to theaforementioned step S51. When determining that the sensor 16 hasdetected no slit at the step S54, the filter rotation monitoring portion112 b repetitively makes the determination at the step S54. Whendetermining that the sensor 16 has detected another slit at the stepS54, on the other hand, the filter rotation monitoring portion 112 bdetermines whether or not the slit detected by the sensor 16 is theorigin slit 14 k, similarly to the aforementioned step S52.

When determining that the slit detected by the sensor 16 is not theorigin slit 14 k, the filter rotation monitoring portion 112 b returnsto the step S54. When determining that the slit detected by the sensor16 is the origin slit 14 k at the step S55, on the other hand, thefilter rotation monitoring portion 112 b stores the time T(n) when thesensor 16 has detected the origin slit 14 k at a step S56. Referring tothe time T(n), n represents the frequency of detection of the originslit 14 k. The sensor 16 has detected the origin slit 14 k twice, andhence n=2 in this case.

At a step S57, the filter rotation monitoring portion 112 b calculatesT(n)−T(n−1), i.e., T2−T1 since n=2. In other words, the filter rotationmonitoring portion 112 b calculates the time interval between the firstand second detection times T1 and T2 for the origin slit 14 k at thestep S57. At a step S58, the filter rotation monitoring portion 112 bdetermines whether or not the time interval T2−T1 calculated at the stepS57 is in the range of a prescribed time interval previously set asnecessary for single rotation of the filter portion 14. When determiningthat the time interval T2−T1 is not in the range of the prescribed timeinterval at the step S58, the filter rotation monitoring portion 112 boutputs error information indicating that the rotation of the filterportion 14 is abnormal to the controller status register 112 j throughthe controller 112 a at a step S59. At this time, the filter rotationmonitoring portion 112 b stops the filter portion 14 from rotating. Thecontroller status register 112 j temporarily stores the errorinformation. Then, the controller status register 112 j transmits theerror information stored therein to the PC body 3 b through the localbus interface 112 k and the interface 116. Then, the PC body 3 bdisplays an error message indicating that the rotation of the filterportion 14 is abnormal on the display portion 3 c of the informationprocessing terminal 3 a.

When determining that the time interval T2−T1 is in the range of theprescribed time interval at the step S58, on the other hand, the filterrotation monitoring portion 112 b determines whether or not the controlportion 112 has instructed a stop of rotation of the filter portion 14at a step S60. When determining that the control portion 112 hasinstructed no stop of rotation of the filter portion 14 at the step S60,the filter rotation monitoring portion 112 b returns to the step S54.When determining that the control portion 112 has instructed a stop ofrotation of the filter portion 14 at the step S60, on the other hand,the filter rotation monitoring portion 14 ends the monitoring operationon the rotation of the filter portion 14. The filter rotation monitoringportion 112 b repeats the series of steps S54 to S60 until the samedetermines that the control portion 112 has instructed a stop ofrotation of the filter portion 14 at the step S60.

An operation of monitoring the time interval for detecting two adjacentslits (the origin slit 14 k and/or the normal slit(s) 14 l) in themonitoring on the rotation of the filter portion 14 with the controlportion 112 is now described with reference to FIGS. 2, 5, 9, 21 and 23.

At a step S61 in FIG. 23, the filter rotation monitoring portion 112 bof the control portion 112 (see FIG. 9) determines whether or not thesensor 16 has detected passage of any slit (the origin slit 14 k (seeFIG. 5) or any of the normal slits 14 l) on the basis of thecorresponding signal from the sensor 16, similarly to the step S51 shownin FIG. 21. When determining that the sensor 16 (see FIG. 9) hasdetected no slit at the step S61, the filter rotation monitoring portion112 b repeats the step S61. When determining that the sensor 16 hasdetected passage of any slit, on the other hand, the filter rotationmonitoring portion 112 b stores the time t1 when the sensor 16 hasdetected this slit at a step S62.

At a step S63, the filter rotation monitoring portion 112 b determineswhether or not the sensor 16 has detected passage of another slit,similarly to the aforementioned step S61. When determining that thesensor 16 has detected passage of no slit at the step S63, the filterrotation monitoring portion 112 b repeats the step S63. When determiningthat the sensor 16 has detected passage of another slit at the step S63,on the other hand, the filter rotation monitoring portion 112 b storesthe time t(n) when the sensor 16 has detected this slit at a step S64.Referring to the time t(n), n represents the frequency of detection ofslits by the sensor 16. The sensor 16 has detected the slits twice, andhence n=2 in this case.

At a step S65, the filter rotation monitoring portion 112 b calculatest(n)−t(n−1), i.e., t2−t1 since n=2. In other words, the filter rotationmonitoring portion 112 b calculates the time interval between the firstand second slit detection times t1 and t2 at the step S65. At a stepS66, the filter rotation monitoring portion 112 b determines whether ornot the time interval t2−t1 calculated at the step S65 is in the rangeof a prescribed time interval previously set as that between the timesfor detecting two adjacent slits respectively. This time interval iseither a first time interval required for normal passage of the opticalfilter 14 e following passage of the optical filter 14 f or a secondtime interval required for normal passage of the optical filter 14 ffollowing passage of the optical filter 14 b.

When determining that the time interval t2−t1 is neither in the range ofthe aforementioned first time interval nor in the range of theaforementioned second time interval at the step S66, the filter rotationmonitoring portion 112 b outputs error information indicating that therotation of the filter portion 14 is abnormal to the controller statusregister 112 j through the controller 112 a at a step S67. At this time,the filter rotation monitoring portion 112 b stops the filter portion 14from rotating. The controller status register 112 j temporarily storesthe error information. Then, the controller status register 112 jtransmits the error information stored therein to the PC body 3 bthrough the local bus interface 112 k and the interface 116. Then, thePC body 3 b displays an error message indicating that the rotation ofthe filter portion 14 is abnormal on the display portion 3 c of theinformation processing terminal 3 a (see FIG. 2).

When determining that the time interval t2−t1 is in the range of theprescribed time interval at the step S66, on the other hand, the filterrotation monitoring portion 112 b determines whether or not the controlportion 112 has instructed a stop of rotation of the filter portion 14at a step S68. When determining that the control portion 112 hasinstructed no stop of rotation of the filter portion 14 at the step S68,the filter rotation monitoring portion 112 b returns to the step S63.When determining that the control portion 112 has instructed a stop ofrotation of the filter portion 14 at the step S68, on the other hand,the filter rotation monitoring portion 112 b ends the monitoringoperation on the rotation of the filter portion 14. The filter rotationmonitoring portion 112 b repeats the series of steps S61 to S68 untilthe same determines that the control portion 112 has instructed a stopof rotation of the filter portion 14 at the step S68.

An operation of monitoring the number of the normal slits 14 l detectedwhile the origin slit 14 k is detected twice in the monitoring on therotation of the filter portion 14 with the control portion 112 accordingto this embodiment is described with reference to FIGS. 2, 5, 9, 21 and24.

At a step S71 shown in FIG. 24, the filter rotation monitoring portion112 b of the control portion 112 (see FIG. 9) determines whether or notthe sensor 16 has detected any slit of the rotating filter portion 14(see FIG. 15) on the basis of the corresponding signal from the sensor16, similarly to the step S51 shown in FIG. 21. When determining thatthe sensor 16 (see FIG. 9) has detected no slit at the step S71, thefilter rotation monitoring portion 112 b repeats the step S71.

When determining that the sensor 16 has detected any slit at the stepS71, on the other hand, the filter rotation monitoring portion 112 bdetermines whether or not the slit detected by the sensor 16 is theorigin slit 14 k at a step S72, similarly to the step S52 shown in FIG.21. When determining that the detected slit is not the origin slit 14 kat the step S72, the filter rotation monitoring portion 112 b returns tothe step S71. When determining that the detected slit is the origin slit14 k at the step S72, on the other hand, the filter rotation monitoringportion 112 b stores the information indicating that the sensor 16 hasdetected the origin slit 14 k at a step S73.

At a step S74, the filter rotation monitoring portion 112 b determineswhether or not the sensor 16 has detected another slit, similarly to theaforementioned step S71. When determining that the sensor 16 hasdetected no slit at the step S74, the filter rotation monitoring portion112 b repeats the step S74. When determining that the sensor 16 hasdetected another slit at the step S74, on the other hand, the filterrotation monitoring portion 112 b determines whether or not the detectedslit is the origin slit 14 k at a step S75, similarly to theaforementioned step S72. When determining that the detected slit is notthe origin slit 14 k (but any of the normal slits 14 l) at the step S75,the filter rotation monitoring portion 112 b counts the number of theslit (normal slit 141) detected at the step S75 at a step S76.Thereafter the filter rotation monitoring portion 112 b returns to thestep S74.

When determining that the detected slit is the origin slit 14 k at thestep S75, on the other hand, the filter rotation monitoring portion 112b stores the information indicating that the sensor 16 has detected theorigin slit 14 k at a step S77. At a step S78, the filter rotationmonitoring portion 112 b acquires the number of the normal slits 14 lcounted at the step S76 as that of the normal slits 14 l detected whilethe origin slit 14 k has been detected twice. At a step S79, the filterrotation monitoring portion 112 b determines whether or not the numberof the normal slits 14 l acquired at the step S78 is a prescribed number(5). When determining that the acquired number of the normal slits 14 lis not the prescribed number (5) at the step S79, the filter rotationmonitoring portion 112 b outputs error information indicating that therotation of the filter portion 14 is abnormal to the controller statusregister 112 j through the controller 112 a at a step S80. At this time,the filter rotation monitoring portion 112 b stops the filter portion 14from rotating. The controller status register 112 j temporarily storesthe error information. Then, the controller status register 112 jtransmits the error information stored therein to the PC body 3 bthrough the local bus interface 112 k and the interface 116. Then, thePC body 3 b displays an error message indicating that the rotation ofthe filter portion 14 is abnormal on the display portion 3 c of theinformation processing terminal 3 a.

When determining that the acquired number of the normal slits 141 is theprescribed number (5) at the step S79, on the other hand, the filterrotation monitoring portion 112 b determines whether or not the controlportion 112 has instructed a stop of rotation of the filter portion 14at a step S81. When determining that the control portion 112 hasinstructed no stop of rotation of the filter portion 14 at the step S81,the filter rotation monitoring portion 112 b returns to the step S74.When determining that the control portion 112 has instructed a stop ofrotation of the filter portion 14 at the step S81, on the other hand,the filter rotation monitoring portion 14 ends the monitoring operationon the rotation of the filter portion 14. The filter rotation monitoringportion 112 b repeats the series of steps S74 to S81 until the samedetermines that the control portion 112 has instructed a stop ofrotation of the filter portion 14 at the step S81.

According to this embodiment, as hereinabove described, the two opticalfiber members 17 b and 17 a guide the light components emitted from thelamp unit 5 to the measurement samples provided on the analyzer 3 andthe extension analyzer 4 respectively so that no individual lamp unitsmay be provided for supplying light components to the measurementsamples provided on the analyzer 3 and the extension analyzer 4respectively, whereby the analytic system 1 can be downsized. Further,the analyzer 3 and the extension analyzer 4 are so separately providedthat the analytic system 1 can parallelly treat various prescribedmeasurement samples (specimens) with the analyzer 3 and the extensionanalyzer 4. Thus, the analytic system 1 can improve specimen treatmentefficiency in a case of acquiring optical information from a pluralityof different measurement samples (specimens). Consequently, the analyticsystem 1 can improve specimen treatment efficiency while attainingdownsizing.

According to this embodiment, the two optical fiber members 17 a and 17b so branch the light components that the analytic system 1 can increasethe quantities of light components emitted from exit end surfaces can beincreased as compared with a case of branching light with a singleoptical fiber member.

According to this embodiment, the analytic system 1 guides the lightcomponents of the same characteristics emitted from the halogen lamp 11to the measurement samples of the analyzer 3 and the extension analyzer4 through the mirror 12 b, the condensing lenses 13 d to 13 f and theoptical fiber member 17 b and through the mirror 12 a, the condensinglenses 13 a to 13 c and the optical fiber member 17 a respectively,whereby the analyzer 3 and the extension analyzer 4 can reduce thenumbers of errors resulting from different characteristics of the lightcomponents applied to the measurement samples respectively.

According to this embodiment, the halogen lamp 11 of the lamp unit 5,formed by the platelike filament 11 a capable of emitting lightcomponents from both surfaces thereof, can apply light components ofsubstantially identical characteristics (quantities of light componentsetc.) from both surfaces of the platelike filament 11 a, whereby theanalytic system 1 can easily guide the light components of substantiallyidentical characteristics emitted from both surfaces of the platelikefilament 11 a to the measurement samples of the analyzer 3 and theextension analyzer 4 through the mirror 12 b, the condensing lenses 13 dto 13 f and the optical fiber member 17 b and through the mirror 12 a,the condensing lenses 13 a to 13 c and the optical fiber member 17 arespectively.

Although the present invention has been described and illustrated indetail, it is clearly understood that the same is by way of illustrationand example only and is not to be taken by way of limitation, the spiritand scope of the present invention being limited only by the terms ofthe appended claims.

For example, while the analytic system temporarily stores the dataoutput from the detection portion and the signal processing portion inthe logger memory of the control portion so that the PC bodysuccessively acquires the partial time-series data of the prescribedperiod from the data stored in the logger memory in the aforementionedembodiment, the present invention is not restricted to this but theanalytic system may alternatively directly output the data from thedetection portion or the signal processing portion to the PC bodywithout temporarily storing the data in the logger memory.

While the control portion calculates the timing (n clocks) for startingsignal acquisition on the basis of the differential signal of thereference signal and starts acquiring data upon a lapse of thecalculated n clocks after the differential signal of the referencesignal reaches the prescribed threshold in the aforementionedembodiment, the present invention is not restricted to this but thecontrol portion may alternatively start data acquisition at previouslyset timing.

While the control portion starts data acquisition upon a lapse of nclocks from the leading edge of the differential signal of the referencesignal corresponding to the reference light in the aforementionedembodiment, the present invention is not restricted to this but thecontrol portion may alternatively start data acquisition upon a lapse ofa prescribed period from the time when the sensor gas detected any slit.

While the present invention is applied to the analyzer performingcoagulation measurement in the aforementioned embodiment, the presentinvention is not restricted to this but may also be applied to ananalyzer (analytic system) performing measurement, other thancoagulation measurement, requiring employment of a plurality of lightcomponents having different wavelength characteristics. For example, thepresent invention may be applied to a biochemical analyzer (analyticsystem).

While the information processing terminal is provided independently ofthe body of the analyzer in the aforementioned embodiment, the presentinvention is not restricted to this but the information processingterminal and the body of the analyzer may alternatively be integratedwith each other.

While the analyzer is rendered extendable with the extension analyzerfor treating a large number of specimens in the aforementionedembodiment, the present invention is not restricted to this but theanalyzer may alternatively be rendered unextendable with any extensionanalyzer.

While the analytic system employs the multiplexers selecting the signalsone by one from the plurality of analog signals output from theplurality of photoelectric conversion elements and successivelyoutputting the same to the offset circuits in the aforementionedembodiment, the present invention is not restricted to this but theanalytic system may alternatively employ an analog signal selectorsimultaneously selecting at least two signals from the plurality ofanalog signals output from the plurality of photoelectric conversionelements.

While the analytic system 1 bidirectionally emits light components fromthe filament 11 a of the halogen lamp 11 for introducing the first lightcomponent into the optical fiber member 17 a through the condensinglenses 13 a to 13 c while introducing the second light component intothe optical fiber member 17 b through the condensing lenses 13 d to 13 fin the aforementioned embodiment, the present invention is notrestricted to this but the analytic system 1 may alternatively beprovided with two halogen lamps (light sources) for introducing a lightcomponent emitted from the first halogen lamp into the optical fibermember 17 a through the condensing lenses 13 a to 13 c while introducinga light component emitted from the second halogen lamp into the opticalfiber member 17 b through the condensing lenses 13 d to 13 f.

1. An analyzer for optically analyzing samples, comprising: a pluralityof detection areas in which containers including the samples arereceivable; at least one optical source configured to emit at least oneseries of lights; and more than one splitter configured to split the atleast one series of lights into a plurality of series of lights eachguided to one of the plurality of the detection areas at which thesample is optically analyzed.
 2. The analyzer according to claim 1,further comprising an injection portion injecting a reagent responsiveto an analyzing item into said containers.
 3. The analyzer according toclaim 1, wherein said splitter comprises a plurality of optical fibers.4. The analyzer according to claim 3, wherein ends of said opticalfibers and said photodetection portions are opposed to each otherthrough said detection areas.
 5. The analyzer according to claim 1,further comprising: more than one condensing portion condensing lightemitted from said optical source, wherein said lights condensed by saidcondensing portions are introduced into said splitters respectively. 6.The analyzer according to claim 1, further comprising: more than onereflecting member changing the traveling direction of light emitted fromsaid optical source and introducing said light into said splitter. 7.The analyzer according to claim 6, wherein said optical source comprisesa platelike filament capable of emitting light from both surfaces, andsaid reflecting member changes the traveling direction of light emittedfrom one of said surfaces of said filament.
 8. The analyzer according toclaim 6, wherein said splitter comprises a plurality of optical fibers.9. The analyzer according to claim 8, wherein ends of said opticalfibers and said photodetection portions are opposed to each otherthrough said detection areas.
 10. The analyzer according to claim 1,wherein said samples are blood samples.
 11. The analyzer according toclaim 1, further comprising: an optical filter portion converting theseries of lights emitted from said optical source to series of lights ofa plurality of specific wavelengths, said series of lights converted bysaid optical filter portion are introduced into said splitters.
 12. Theanalyzer according to claim 11, wherein said optical filter portion isso formed as to convert light emitted from said optical source into aplurality of light components of different wavelengths in a time-sharingmanner, and said analyzer is configured to apply said plurality of lightcomponents of different wavelengths to the same said detection area in atime-sharing manner.
 13. An analyzer comprising: a photoirradiationportion simultaneously photoirradiating a plurality of storage vesselsstoring a plurality of measurement samples prepared by admixing areagent with a plurality of samples respectively; a plurality ofphotodetection portions detecting a plurality of light componentsresulting from simultaneous photoirradiation on said plurality ofstorage vessels storing said plurality of measurement samplesrespectively; and an analytic portion analyzing characteristics of saidplurality of samples on the basis of said light components detected bysaid photodetection portions, wherein said photoirradiation portionincludes: a light source, a first light guide portion branching lightemitted from said light source into a plurality of light components andguiding said plurality of light components to said plurality ofmeasurement samples respectively, and a second light guide portionbranching light emitted from said light source into a plurality of lightcomponents and guiding said plurality of light components to saidplurality of measurement samples respectively.
 14. The analyzeraccording to claim 13, further comprising an injection portion injectinga reagent responsive to an analyzed item into said storage vessels. 15.The analyzer according to claim 13, wherein said first light guideportion includes a plurality of optical fibers, and said second lightguide portion also includes a plurality of optical fibers.
 16. Theanalyzer according to claim 15, further comprising a storage vesselreceiving portion provided with a plurality of receiving holes forreceiving said storage vessels respectively, wherein ends of saidoptical fibers and said photodetection portions are opposed to eachother through said receiving holes.
 17. The analyzer according to claim13, wherein said photoirradiation portion further includes: a firstcondensing portion condensing light emitted from said light source, anda second condensing portion condensing light emitted from said lightsource, for introducing said light condensed by said first condensingportion into said first light guide portion while introducing said lightcondensed by said second condensing portion into said second light guideportion.
 18. The analyzer according to claim 13, wherein saidphotoirradiation portion further includes: a first reflecting memberchanging the traveling direction of light emitted from said light sourceand introducing said light into said first light guide portion, and asecond reflecting member changing the traveling direction of lightemitted from said light source and introducing said light into saidsecond light guide portion.
 19. The analyzer according to claim 18,wherein said light source includes a platelike filament capable ofemitting light from both surfaces, said first reflecting member changesthe traveling direction of light emitted from first said surface of saidfilament, and said second reflecting member changes the travelingdirection of light emitted from second said surface of said filament.20. The analyzer according to claim 18, wherein said first light guideportion includes a plurality of optical fibers, and said second lightguide portion includes a plurality of optical fibers.
 21. The analyzeraccording to claim 20, further comprising a storage vessel receivingportion provided with a plurality of receiving holes for receiving saidstorage vessels respectively, wherein ends of said optical fibers andsaid photodetection portions are opposed to each other through saidreceiving holes.
 22. The analyzer according to claim 13, wherein saidsamples are blood samples.
 23. The analyzer according to claim 13,wherein said photoirradiation portion further includes an optical filterportion converting light emitted from said light source to light of aspecific wavelength, for introducing said light converted by saidoptical filter portion into said first light guide portion and saidsecond light guide portion.
 24. The analyzer according to claim 23,wherein said optical filter portion is so formed as to convert lightemitted from said light source into a plurality of light components ofdifferent wavelengths in a time-sharing manner, and said analyzer is soformed as to apply said plurality of light components of differentwavelengths to the same said storage vessel in a time-sharing manner.25. The analyzer according to claim 13, wherein said light sourceincludes a first light source and a second light source, for introducinglight emitted from said first light source into said first light guideportion, and introducing light emitted from said second light sourceinto said second light guide portion.
 26. An analyzer comprising: aphotoirradiation portion simultaneously photoirradiating a plurality ofstorage vessels storing a plurality of measurement samples prepared byadmixing a reagent with a plurality of samples respectively; a pluralityof photodetection portions detecting a plurality of light componentsresulting from simultaneous photoirradiation on said plurality ofstorage vessels storing said plurality of measurement samplesrespectively; and an analytic portion analyzing characteristics of saidplurality of samples on the basis of said light components detected bysaid photodetection portions, wherein said photoirradiation portionincludes: a light source having a platelike filament, and an opticalfiber bundle including an incidence end formed by bundling ends of aplurality of optical fibers and a plurality of exit ends directed towardsaid plurality of storage vessels respectively so that light emittedfrom a first surface of said platelike filament is incident upon saidincidence end.
 27. The analyzer according to claim 26, furthercomprising an injection portion injecting a reagent responsive to ananalyzed item into said storage vessels.
 28. The analyzer according toclaim 26, further comprising a storage vessel receiving portion providedwith a plurality of receiving holes for receiving said storage vesselsrespectively, wherein said exit ends of said optical fibers and saidphotodetection portions are opposed to each other through said receivingholes.
 29. The analyzer according to claim 26, wherein saidphotoirradiation portion further includes a condensing portioncondensing light emitted from said light source, for introducing saidlight condensed by said condensing portion into said incidence end ofsaid optical fiber bundle.
 30. The analyzer according to claim 26,wherein said photoirradiation portion further includes a reflectingmember changing the traveling direction of light emitted from a firstsurface of said platelike filament and introducing said light into saidincidence end of said optical fiber bundle.
 31. The analyzer accordingto claim 26, wherein said samples are blood samples.
 32. The analyzeraccording to claim 26, wherein said photoirradiation portion furtherincludes an optical filter portion converting light emitted from saidlight source to light of a specific wavelength, for introducing saidlight converted by said optical filter portion into said incidence endof said optical fiber bundle.
 33. The analyzer according to claim 32wherein said optical filter portion is so formed as to convert lightemitted from said light source to a plurality of light components ofdifferent wavelengths in a time-sharing manner, and said analyzer is soformed as to apply said plurality of light components of differentwavelengths to the same said storage vessel in a time-sharing manner.34. An analytic system comprising: a photoirradiator; a first analyzerincluding a first reagent mixing portion mixing a reagent into ananalyte and a first photodetection portion detecting light obtained byapplying light emitted from said photoirradiator to said analyte mixedwith said reagent by said first reagent mixing portion; a secondanalyzer including a second reagent mixing portion mixing anotherreagent into another analyte and a second photodetection portiondetecting light obtained by applying light emitted from saidphotoirradiator to said analyte mixed with said reagent by said secondreagent mixing portion; and analytic means analyzing characteristics ofsaid analyte mixed with said reagent by said first reagent mixingportion on the basis of said light detected by said first photodetectionportion while analyzing characteristics of said analyte mixed with saidreagent by said second reagent mixing portion on the basis of said lightdetected by said second photodetection portion.
 35. The analytic systemaccording to claim 34, wherein said first analyzer includes saidphotoirradiator, and said second analyzer is an extended analyzercapable of receiving light from said photoirradiator upon connection tosaid first analyzer.